如何選購電子天平
（1）如何選擇天平">電子天平
選(xuan)(xuan)擇電(dian)子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)應該從電(dian)子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)（分(fen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)e）上去考慮是(shi)否(fou)符(fu)合稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)的(de)(de)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)要求。如選(xuan)(xuan)0.1mg精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)或0.01mg精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)，切忌不(bu)可籠統地說(shuo)要萬分(fen)之一(yi)或十萬分(fen)之一(yi)精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)國外有些廠(chang)家是(shi)用(yong)(yong)相(xiang)對精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)來衡量(liang)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)，否(fou)則買來的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)無法滿足用(yong)(yong)戶的(de)(de)需要。列入在實際工(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)遇到這樣的(de)(de)一(yi)個問(wen)題(ti)，用(yong)(yong)一(yi)臺標(biao)尺分(fen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)d為(wei)(wei)1mg，鑒定標(biao)尺分(fen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)e為(wei)(wei)10mg，zui大稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)為(wei)(wei)200g的(de)(de)Mettler電(dian)子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)，用(yong)(yong)來稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)7mg的(de)(de)物體，這樣是(shi)不(bu)能(neng)得出準確結果(guo)的(de)(de)：在《JJG98-90非自動天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)試行鑒定規程》中(zhong)規定，zui大允許(xu)誤差(cha)與鑒定標(biao)尺分(fen)度(du)(du)(du)(du)值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)“e"為(wei)(wei)同一(yi)數量(liang)級(ji)，此(ci)臺天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)的(de)(de)zui大允許(xu)誤差(cha)為(wei)(wei)1e，顯然不(bu)能(neng)稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)7mg的(de)(de)物體；稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)15mg的(de)(de)物體用(yong)(yong)此(ci)類天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)也不(bu)是(shi)*選(xuan)(xuan)擇，因(yin)為(wei)(wei)其測試結果(guo)的(de)(de)相(xiang)對誤差(cha)會很大，應選(xuan)(xuan)擇更(geng)高一(yi)級(ji)的(de)(de)天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)，有的(de)(de)廠(chang)家在出廠(chang)時(shi)已規定了zui小稱(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)的(de)(de)數值(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。因(yin)此(ci)我們在選(xuan)(xuan)購及是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)電(dian)子天(tian)(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)時(shi)必須考慮精(jing)(jing)(jing)度(du)(du)(du)(du)等級(ji)。
（2）對稱量范圍的要求
選擇電子(zi)天平除了看其(qi)精(jing)度，還應(ying)看zui大(da)稱量是否滿足量程的需要。通常(chang)取zui大(da)載荷加少(shao)許保(bao)險系數即可(ke)，也就(jiu)是常(chang)用載荷在放(fang)寬一些即可(ke)，不是越大(da)越好。
2.關(guan)于電子天平(ping)的校準
（使用前一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)仔細(xi)閱讀說明書）字鑒(jian)定(ding)（測(ce)(ce)試(shi)）中(zhong)我們發現(xian)(xian)(xian)，對天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)進(jin)行計(ji)量(liang)(liang)(liang)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)時誤差較大，究其原因(yin)，相對一部分儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)，在較長的(de)(de)時間(jian)(jian)間(jian)(jian)隔內未進(jin)行校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，而且認(ren)為天(tian)(tian)哦顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)零(ling)位(wei)(wei)便可直接稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)。（需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)指出(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)是(shi)，電子(zi)天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)開機顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)零(ling)點，不(bu)(bu)能說明天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)數據準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)度符合(he)測(ce)(ce)試(shi)標準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，只能說明天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)零(ling)位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)合(he)格。因(yin)為衡量(liang)(liang)(liang)一臺天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)合(he)格與否(fou)，還(huan)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)綜合(he)考(kao)慮其他技術指標的(de)(de)符合(he)性(xing)）因(yin)存放時間(jian)(jian)較長，位(wei)(wei)置移(yi)動，環境變化或為獲得(de)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)(liang)，天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)在使用前一般(ban)都(dou)應進(jin)行校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)。校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)方法(fa)(fa)分為內校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)和外校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)兩種(zhong)。德(de)國(guo)生(sheng)存的(de)(de)塞多(duo)利(li)斯，瑞士生(sheng)存的(de)(de)梅特(te)拉(la)，上(shang)海生(sheng)存的(de)(de)“JA"等系(xi)列電子(zi)天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)均有(you)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)裝置。如果使用前不(bu)(bu)仔細(xi)閱讀說明書很容易忽略"校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)“操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)，造成較大稱量(liang)(liang)(liang)誤差。下面以(yi)上(shang)海天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)儀(yi)(yi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)廠JA1203型電子(zi)天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)為例(li)說明如何對天(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)進(jin)行外校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。方法(fa)(fa)：輕(qing)按CAL鍵(jian)當顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)CAL-時，即(ji)松手，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)就(jiu)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)CAL-100其中(zhong)"100"為閃爍(shuo)碼(ma)(ma)，表示(shi)(shi)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)瑪法(fa)(fa)需(xu)(xu)(xu)要(yao)(yao)100g的(de)(de)標準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)砝碼(ma)(ma)。此時就(jiu)把準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)備好的(de)(de)‘100g’校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)砝碼(ma)(ma)放上(shang)秤盤，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)即(ji)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)"----“為等待狀態，較長時間(jian)(jian)后顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)100.000g，拿去(qu)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)砝碼(ma)(ma)，顯(xian)(xian)示(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)應出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)0000g，若出(chu)(chu)(chu)現(xian)(xian)(xian)不(bu)(bu)是(shi)為零(ling)，則(ze)在清零(ling)，再重(zhong)(zhong)復以(yi)上(shang)標準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)操(cao)作(zuo)(zuo)。（注(zhu)意：為了(le)得(de)到準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)確(que)的(de)(de)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)結果重(zhong)(zhong)復以(yi)上(shang)校(xiao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)）
有的人認(ren)為(wei)在電(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)量程范圍(wei)內稱量的物體越重對天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的損害也就越大(da)。這(zhe)種認(ren)識是不*正確(que)(que)的。一般衡器(qi)zui大(da)安全(quan)載荷(he)是它所能夠承受(shou)的，不致使(shi)其計量性能發生*性改變的zui大(da)靜載荷(he)。由于電(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)采用(yong)離開電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)自動(dong)補償電(dian)(dian)路原理，當秤盤加載時（注意不要超過稱量范圍(wei)），電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)會將秤盤推回到原來(lai)的平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡位置，使(shi)電(dian)(dian)磁力(li)與被(bei)秤物體的重力(li)相對平(ping)(ping)(ping)衡，只要在允許范圍(wei)內稱量大(da)小對天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的影(ying)響(xiang)是很小的，不會因長期稱重而影(ying)響(xiang)電(dian)(dian)子(zi)天(tian)(tian)(tian)平(ping)(ping)(ping)的準確(que)(que)度。
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